Chronology
of Cambodian History, 1432-1799
YEAR
1432
Ponhea Yat, or Gam Yat
(1432-?) comes to the Khmer throne.
The King begins his reign at Angkor.
1433
King Ponhea Yat abandons Angkor and moves his court
to Basan.
[14]
1434
The Khmer royal court (capital) move from
Basan to Phnom Penh.
According to Pongsa Voda (Chronicle) Khmer, “…in 1434, Tuesday, the
ninth day of the waning moon, in the month of Pisakh in the year of the
Tiger, 6th in the decade, the King left Basan, where he had
resided for only one year, and went by boat to Phnom Daun Penh,
accompanied by his mandarins and all his household.”
1444
Siamese capture Angkor.
1471
Emperor Le Thanh-tong of Dai Viet annexes
the northern provinces of Champa (today
Vietnam).
1473
Siamese invade and sack the
capital.
1505
Khmer Royal court moves to Udong. [22] [Map | Image]
1516
Barom Reachea II or Chau
Ponhea Chan (r. 1516 - 1566) Khmer king.
1528
Khmer Royal court moves to Lovaek.
[22]
1566
Barom Reachea III (r. 1566 - 1576), Khmer
king.
1576
Barom Reachea IV or Sattha (1576 - c. 1594),
Khmer king.
1580
Portugal and Spain send reinforcements of Spanish
soldiers of fortune and Dominicans from Manila, the Philippines, to
protect Portuguese in Cambodia.
Many Portuguese traders and missionaries are in the Khmer court of
Longvaek. [14]
1583
Pongsa Voda accounts a Siamese invasion with 100,000
men, 800 elephants, and 15,000 horses; it also details the abduction of
the King’s chief wife, and the flight of the King’s elderly aunt. The Siamese account of the same
incidence describes the victorious Siamese king bathing his feet in the
blood of the fallen Khmer king before departing with 50,000 prisoners.
[22]
1584
Chei Chettha 1st (1584 – 1594), Khmer
king.
Barom Reachea V or Chau Ponhea Tan (1584 – 1594),
Khmer king first reign.
1587
Thai unsuccessfully besieges
Khmer's capital, Longvaek.
1593
A Spaniard adventurer Blaz Ruiz de Hernan Gonzales
arrives in Longvaek. He is
one of a band of Portuguese, Spaniard traders and adventurers come to
Cambodia. [14]
1594
Ream 1st (1594 – 1596), Khmer king; Thai
sacks Longvaek.
1595
A Portuguese adventurer Diogo Veloso, who is a Khmer
King’s favorite, manages to convince Dasmarinas, the Governor of the
Philippines, to send the Khmer sovereign military support that would
enable the King to preserve his throne and at the same time establish de
facto Spanish rule over the Khmer court. [14]
1596
Ream 2nd or Chau Ponhea Nou (1596 – 1597),
Khmer king.
The Hispano-Portuguese expedition sent from the
Philippines, at the urging of Portuguese adventurer Veloso, arrives in the
Khmer court; however, the King had fled. Reama Chung Prei is installed at
Srei Santhor.
[14]
April 12, 1596
Portuguese Veloso and Spaniard Ruiz’s men attack and
ruthlessly kill Chinese traders in Phnom Penh. They also burn houses in the
Chinese quarter of Phnom Penh. [14]
May 1596
Veloso, Ruiz and some 40 of their men make a surprise
attack on the Khmer court at Srei Santhor, killing the King, burning his
palace and blowing up a powder magazine. They then return to their ships in
Phnom Penh and fled. [14]
1597
Barom Reachea V (r. 1597 –
1599), Khmer king second reign.?
May 1597
Veloso and Ruiz, who fled Cambodia after killing a
Khmer King the previous year, reappears with the son of King Satha Chau
Ponhea Ton (Barom Reachea II), who takes the throne at Srei Santhor. [14]
1599
Barom Reachea VI (1599 – 1600), Khmer
king.
Spaniard and Malays in Phnom Penh clashed, in which
Veloso and Ruiz are killed. The Portuguese and Spaniard
adventurers are at Srei Santhor for discussion with the King as violent
incident occurred in Phnom Penh between Spaniards and Malays. Against the King’s advice for them
to hide and wait for the violence to calm down, the two adventurers rush
to Phnom Penh to help their compatriots and are both killed. [14]
1600
Kev Fa 1st or Chau Ponhea Nhom (1600 –
1602), Khmer king.
1602
Barom
Reachea VII or Srei Soriyopor (r. 1602 – 1619), Khmer king.
1612
July 1612
Peter Floris arrives in Phnom Penh through the
Mekong; he appeares to be the first British to reach Phnom Penh.
[14]
1619
Chey
Chetta II (r. 1618 – 1627), Khmer king.
1620
A new palace is built at Udong. [22]
Dec. 1620
A Dutch under-merchant ship arrives in Phnom
Penh.
1627
Barom Reachea (Outei)? [Opphayoreach], Khmer
king.
Srei Thoamareachea 1st or Chau Ponhea To
(1627 – 1632), Khmer king.
1632
Ang Tong Reachea or Chau Ponhea Nou (1632 – 1640),
Khmer king.
1637
The Dutch East Indies Company establishes its first
factory in Cambodia. [14]
1640
Botum Reachea 1st or Ang Non (1640 –
1642), Khmer king.
1642
Reameathipadei 1st or Chau Ponhea Chan
(1642 – 1658) ascended the Khmer throne.
King Ponhea Chan, in response to the disorder of
traders, issues a decree that all Khmer or foreign ships arriving from
other countries would not be permitted to moor at Phnom Penh unless their
masts and helms are removed. [14]
1643
Sept. 1643
Manager of the Dutch factory Pierre de Regemortes,
following disturbances, presents himself at the Oudong Court to protest
against the violence and damage suffered by his company. Irritated by his insolence, the
Royal Guard kills him and his followers. At the same time, the trading post
is pillaged, 36 of the company’s men are killed and some 50 others are
thrown into prison. [14]
1644
March 23, 1644
To re-establish the Company’s prestige in Cambodia,
the Council of the Indies decides to mount a reprisal expedition by
dispatching a squadron of ships comprising the Kievit, the Dolphin, the
Wakende Boei and the Noorster, carrying 432 well-armed men, under the
command of Admiral Hendrik Harouze and Vice-Admiral Simon Jacobsz
Domkins.
June 3, 1644
Three of the four ships sent by the Indies Company
arrives off Phnom Penh;
July 22, 1644
Dutch ship ‘the Noordster’ is attacked by the
Khmer Royal ships, which include the ships Rijswijk and Oranjeboom
captured from the Dutch the previous year. [14]
1646
The King agrees to hand back the Dutch prisoners who
were captured three years earlier, as well as the seized merchandise.
[14]
1651
A British merchant comes to Phnom Penh and Longvaek in August
to set up a factory. In his
diary, he described the rivers at Phnom Penh: “Three big rivers traverse
the country, but all three converge at the site of the principal
town. This town is called
Pantaprick by the people of the country and Camboja by the Malays and
Christians. The three rivers
are the Bussack, the Kerringheze and the Sending. The Bussack lies to the west, the
Kerringheze to the east, and the Sending between the two. The distance from the mouth of the
river to the town of Camboja is about 190 miles. If a ship wishes to mount the
river in Jan. Feb. March or April and is aided by a favorable wind and the
tide, it can reach Camboja in five days. During the months of May and June
the voyage would take 10 to 12 days.
In Aug. and Sept. the current is so swift and the winds so
unfavorable that the journey can take more than 52 days.” [14]
1653
Bastian de Bouillon, according to the English
documents, appeares to be the first Frenchman to arrive in Cambodia. He arrives from Batavia with two
junks laden with cloth worth 30,000 reals. [14]
1655
The King and East Indies Company reach an agreement
under which Khmer would pay restitution for the damage to the Company’s
trading post; however, the Dutch have to forego the trade monopoly in
Cambodia. [14]
1656
The British hands over their trading post to the
Dutch. Soon after the British
set up a trading post in Cambodia, the Dutch make relentless war on the
British trading competitors, who later withdraw completely from Cambodia.
[14]
1659
Barom Reachea VIII or Ang So (1659 – 1672), Khmer
king.
Dutch trading post in Phnom Penh is sacked by
Annameses.
1662
The Society of Foreign Missionary of Paris (Societe
des Missions Etrangeres de Paris) is set up in the Siamese capital. A few years later it tries to
extend its religious activities to Cambodia but encounters the opposition
of the Spanish Dominicans, who are determined to defend their fief.
[14]
1664
Reameathipadei ? (Outei Sorivong Ang Tan)
[Opphayoreach] (1664 – 1674), Khmer king.
1665
French Father Louis Chevreul establishes himself in
the Svay Rieng area. He later
moves to Phnom Penh and finally to Oudong. However, discouraged by Khmer
indifference and the hostility of the Hispano-Portugese, the priest
abandoned his evangelist effort and leave Cambodia. [14]
1667
July 9, 1667
The yacht Schelvisch arrives at the trading
post in Phnom Penh to evacuate Dutch traders, but that night the Chinese
forestall the Dutch and invade their establishment, murdering the factor,
Pierre Ketting, along with some of his men and seize the money and goods
before withdrawing. [14]
July 12, 1667
The Schelvisch left Phnom Penh, marking the
end of the East Indies Company in Cambodia. [14]
1672
Botum Reachea II or Srei Chei Chet (1672 – 1673),
Khmer king.
1673
Kev Fa II or Ang Chi (1673 – 1677), Khmer
king.
1674
Botum Reachea ? (Ang Non) [Opphayoreach] (1674 –
1691), Khmer king.
1677
Chei Chettha III or Ang So (1677 – 1695), Khmer king
first reign.
1695
Reameathipadei II or Ang Yang (1695 – 1696), Khmer
king.
1696
Chei Chettha III or Ang So (1696 – 1700), Khmer king
second reign.
1700
Kev Fa III or Ang Im (1700 – 1701), Khmer king first
reign.
1701
Chei Chettha III or Ang So (1701 – 1702), Khmer king
third reign.
1702
Srei Thoamareachea II (1702 – 1704), Khmer king first
reign.
1704
Chei Chettha III or Ang So (1704 – 1707), Khmer king
fourth reign.
1707
Srei Thoamareachea II (1707 – 1714), Khmer king
second reign.
1714
Kev Fa III or Ang Im (1714 – 1722), Khmer king second
reign.
1772
Thai destroys Phnom Penh.
1779
Ang Eng (r. 1779 - 1796)
succeeds to the Khmer throne. He is crowned in Bangkok in 1794 and sent
into Cambodia with the support of Siamese army.
1782
Rama I (1782 - 1809) found a new Siamese
kingdom with its capital at Bangkok. He brings to an end the long conflict
with Burma in 1793, re-establishing control throughout the country, and
through division with Annam, the King secures a large part of Khmer
territory.
1794
Ang
Eng is crowned king.
1796
King Ang Eng
died.
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